Today Markets Analysis

Cotton futures extended their weekly decline on Friday as selling pressure returned across the front months, with weaker export momentum, reduced managed-money exposure and falling crude oil prices adding to the bearish tone.

October 2026 cotton futures closed at 77.38 cents per pound, down 103 points, while December cotton settled at 81.15 cents, down 102 points.

March 2027 cotton closed at 83.79 cents, also down 102 points.

The December contract finished the week approximately 491 points lower, highlighting the extent of the selling pressure that has developed across the cotton market.

Crude oil also weakened sharply on Friday, falling $2.38 per barrel, while the US dollar index declined 0.040.

The combination of weaker energy prices, softer futures momentum and evidence that speculative positioning is being reduced has created a more cautious environment for cotton.

However, the fundamental picture is not uniformly bearish.

US cotton export commitments remain 13% above the five-year average, while ICE certified stocks remain relatively low at 36,617 bales.

The key question for traders is therefore whether the current decline represents a deeper deterioration in cotton fundamentals or a correction following the market’s recent advance.

Cotton Market Snapshot

USDA’s September 17 export data showed 4.504 million running bales of upland cotton commitments for the 2026/27 marketing year, compared with 3.973 million a year earlier. Weekly upland sales were 71,231 RB, while shipments were approximately 142,100 RB.

Why Are Cotton Futures Falling?

The latest decline reflects several factors rather than one single catalyst.

The most immediate pressure is coming from technical selling and weakening momentum.

December cotton has fallen sharply over the week, and the market has moved away from the higher levels seen earlier in September.

At the same time, managed money reduced its net-long position by 2,267 contracts, taking the position to 97,903 contracts.

That remains a substantial net-long exposure, but the reduction indicates that speculative traders have started to take some exposure off the table.

The CFTC’s latest data also show the broader positioning structure across Cotton No. 2 futures, with the report updated September 18.

This matters because a market carrying a sizeable speculative long position can become vulnerable to additional liquidation if technical support levels fail.

Export Demand Remains the Key Fundamental Question

US cotton exports provide a mixed signal.

Total 2026/27 commitments had reached approximately 4.5 million RB as of September 10.

That is 13% above the five-year average, indicating that demand has not disappeared.

However, commitments are only running at approximately 39% of the USDA export forecast, compared with a normal pace of around 48%.

This is the important distinction.

The absolute level of commitments is relatively strong compared with historical averages, but the market is progressing more slowly than the pace normally required to reach the USDA’s full-season export projection.

That creates uncertainty about whether exports will accelerate later in the marketing year.

Weekly sales of 71,231 RB were also down approximately 4% from the previous week and 30% below the prior four-week average, according to the latest export-sales data.

Shipments Provide a More Positive Signal

While new sales were relatively modest, actual shipments have been stronger.

USDA data showed approximately 142,100 RB of upland cotton exports during the week ending September 10.

The largest destinations included:

• Vietnam — 44,600 RB
• Pakistan — 24,700 RB
• India — 18,000 RB
• Bangladesh — 16,200 RB
• Mexico — 9,900 RB

That indicates that existing commitments continue to translate into physical exports.

This is important because shipments represent cotton that is actually moving through the international supply chain rather than simply being contracted for future delivery.

Managed Money Is Still Long Cotton

CFTC positioning deserves close attention.

Managed money held a net-long position of approximately 97,903 cotton contracts after reducing exposure by 2,267 contracts during the week.

The position remains heavily net long.

That creates two opposing possibilities.

If prices stabilize and fundamentals improve, the large speculative long position could provide a source of buying interest.

However, if prices continue falling and technical levels are broken, traders carrying long positions may continue reducing exposure.

That could amplify downside pressure.

The market therefore needs to determine whether current selling represents normal profit-taking or the beginning of a larger liquidation cycle.

ICE Cotton Stocks Remain Relatively Tight

ICE certified cotton stocks were unchanged at 36,617 bales on September 17.

The relatively limited level of certified stocks provides an underlying supportive factor for the market.

Low exchange stocks can become increasingly important when nearby futures contracts approach delivery periods and physical cotton availability becomes a greater consideration.

However, certified stocks are only one component of the overall cotton supply picture.

The market must also consider:

• US production
• Harvest progress
• Export demand
• Mill consumption
• Global production
• Global inventories
• Chinese demand
• Brazilian exports
• Indian production
• Pakistani production
• Weather

Therefore, the current low ICE stock figure should not be interpreted in isolation.

Cotlook A Index Remains Well Above Futures

The Cotlook A Index was reported at 94.35 cents per pound on September 17.

That remains substantially above December futures at 81.15 cents.

The difference between physical-market indications and futures pricing is noteworthy.

It suggests that the physical cotton market and futures market are not currently sending exactly the same signal.

Futures are increasingly reflecting expectations about future supply, demand and speculative positioning, while physical prices can respond differently depending on the availability and quality of cotton in specific regions.

This spread will be important to monitor as the US harvest progresses.

US Cotton Harvest Becomes Increasingly Important

The US crop is now moving into the harvest period.

Recent USDA-related market commentary indicates that US cotton harvest progress has moved ahead of the historical pace, with approximately 8% harvested in the latest weekly assessment. The same report showed only 36% of the crop rated good to excellent, highlighting continued concerns over crop conditions.

The harvest introduces another important variable.

If actual production confirms expectations for a relatively large crop, additional physical availability could weigh on futures.

If yields disappoint, however, the market could quickly refocus on tightening US supply expectations.

This creates a potentially important transition period for cotton.

Crude Oil Is Adding Pressure

Crude oil fell $2.38 per barrel on Friday.

Energy prices matter to cotton for several reasons.

Lower oil prices can reduce the relative attractiveness of competing synthetic fibres such as polyester, while energy costs also influence transportation, processing and agricultural input costs.

Cotton therefore has a complex relationship with energy markets.

A sustained decline in crude oil could remove some support from the broader commodity complex and reinforce risk-off positioning among commodity funds.

At the same time, lower energy costs can reduce production and transportation expenses for growers and processors.

The ultimate impact therefore depends on the duration and magnitude of the oil-price move.

The US Dollar Remains an Important Variable

The US dollar index declined 0.040 on Friday.

Because cotton is priced in US dollars, currency movements can influence international purchasing power.

A stronger dollar can make US cotton more expensive for overseas buyers when measured in their domestic currencies.

A weaker dollar can have the opposite effect.

This means cotton traders must watch the relationship between:

US dollar + export demand + global purchasing power.

Currency movements could therefore become increasingly important if the dollar begins a sustained trend in either direction.

Bullish Sentiment

1. Export Commitments Remain Above the Five-Year Average

US cotton export commitments are approximately 13% above the five-year average.

That indicates that underlying international demand remains significant.

2. Physical Shipments Remain Active

Weekly upland shipments were approximately 142,100 RB, with Vietnam, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh among the leading destinations.

3. ICE Certified Stocks Remain Limited

Certified stocks remain at 36,617 bales.

Low exchange stocks can provide underlying support, particularly when nearby delivery becomes more important.

4. Managed Money Still Holds a Large Net-Long Position

Although managed money reduced its position, funds remain net long by approximately 97,903 contracts.

If market sentiment improves, that positioning could provide potential buying support.

5. Physical Cotton Prices Remain Above Futures

The Cotlook A Index at 94.35 cents remains significantly above December futures.

That indicates that physical-market values continue to provide an important counterpoint to the weakness in futures.

Bearish Sentiment

1. December Cotton Fell 491 Points This Week

The size of the weekly decline indicates substantial selling pressure.

2. Export Sales Are Behind the Normal Pace

Although commitments are 13% above the five-year average, they represent only approximately 39% of the USDA forecast, compared with a normal pace of 48%.

3. Managed Money Is Reducing Long Exposure

Funds reduced their net-long position by 2,267 contracts.

Further liquidation could increase downside pressure if prices continue weakening.

4. Weekly New Sales Remain Modest

Upland sales of 71,231 RB were below the previous week and the prior four-week average.

5. Crude Oil Fell Sharply

Oil declined $2.38 per barrel, potentially adding broader pressure to commodity markets.

6. Harvest Pressure Is Increasing

As the US harvest progresses, the market will receive more information about actual production and physical availability.

A larger-than-expected crop could increase supply pressure.

Cotton Is Approaching an Important Technical Test

The December contract closed Friday at 81.15 cents per pound.

That places the market close to the 80-cent area, which is likely to become an important psychological and technical reference point.

Recent market commentary identifies December support around 82.60, 82.00 and 80.40, with resistance around 86.70, 88.80 and 91.10.

The market therefore faces an important technical question.

If December cotton can stabilize around the low-80-cent area, the recent decline could develop into a consolidation phase.

If that area fails decisively, traders may begin looking toward lower technical support zones.

Conversely, a recovery back above the mid-80-cent region would indicate that selling pressure is losing momentum.

Technical levels should be viewed alongside the underlying fundamental data rather than in isolation.

The Supply-Demand Balance Is Becoming More Important

Cotton is currently caught between two competing narratives.

The first is demand resilience.

Export commitments are above the five-year average, shipments remain active and the Cotlook A Index remains elevated.

The second is forward-market caution.

Export commitments are behind the normal seasonal pace relative to the USDA forecast, managed money is reducing long exposure and futures have suffered a substantial weekly decline.

That creates an increasingly important question:

Will physical demand strengthen enough to absorb the additional cotton entering the market during the US harvest?

If demand accelerates, current futures levels could attract renewed buying interest.

If demand remains sluggish while production proves strong, the market could face additional pressure.

What Traders Are Watching Next

The major cotton-market catalysts include:

• US harvest progress
• US crop condition ratings
• US cotton production
• USDA export sales
• Weekly export shipments
• China cotton demand
• Vietnamese cotton demand
• Pakistan cotton demand
• Indian production
• Brazilian exports
• ICE certified stocks
• Cotlook A Index
• Adjusted World Price
• CFTC managed-money positioning
• US dollar movements
• Crude oil prices
• Global textile demand
• Polyester prices
• Weather across major cotton-producing regions

The next USDA export report will be particularly important because the market needs evidence that export demand can accelerate sufficiently to close the gap between the current commitment pace and the full-season forecast.

Currency Hedger View

Cotton is a US-dollar-denominated commodity, meaning international buyers and sellers can face two separate sources of price exposure.

The first is the cotton price itself.

The second is the exchange rate between the buyer’s or seller’s domestic currency and the US dollar.

For example, a textile manufacturer purchasing US cotton may see the dollar value of the cotton remain unchanged while the company’s domestic currency weakens against the dollar.

The effective cost of the purchase can therefore increase even without a change in the underlying cotton price.

This creates a combined exposure:

Cotton price + USD exchange-rate risk.

Currency Hedger, part of Octalas Group Ltd, provides managed FX services for businesses and individuals with international currency requirements.

Our approach considers the wider market environment, including:

• Central-bank policy
• Interest-rate expectations
• Inflation
• Commodity prices
• US dollar trends
• Economic data
• Technical market levels
• Futures markets
• Geopolitical developments

For businesses involved in cotton, textiles, agriculture or international trade, managing the currency component of a transaction can be an important part of managing overall commercial exposure.

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Today Markets View

Cotton futures ended the week under significant pressure, with December futures falling approximately 491 points and closing at 81.15 cents per pound.

The market is now approaching an important area where export demand, harvest expectations and speculative positioning will increasingly determine direction.

The bullish case remains supported by export commitments above the five-year average, active physical shipments, relatively limited ICE certified stocks and a Cotlook A Index substantially above futures.

However, the bearish case is becoming more visible through the large weekly decline, slower-than-normal export progress relative to the USDA forecast, reduced managed-money exposure, increasing harvest availability and weaker crude oil prices.

The critical issue is whether international demand accelerates quickly enough to absorb US production as the harvest progresses.

For now, cotton remains caught between firm underlying physical-market indicators and increasingly cautious futures-market positioning.

The 80-cent area in December cotton, export sales, shipment volumes, harvest progress and managed-money positioning will be particularly important indicators over the coming sessions.

“Cotton is entering an important transition period. Physical-market indicators remain relatively firm, but futures are increasingly pricing concerns about export pace, harvest availability and speculative liquidation. The next phase of the market will depend heavily on whether international demand accelerates enough to absorb new-crop supplies.”

— Louis Roche, Analyst, Today Markets

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